Process and apparatus for treating oils



June 24, E3Q EGLOFFET AL PROCESS AND APPARATUS FOR TREATING OILS Original Filed April 23, 1921 5 Sheets-Sheet l U SQ W MAN? v GusTvE Harry June 241, @930. G. EGL'OFF ET AL PROCESS AND APPARATUS FOR TREATING OILS 3 Sheets-Sheet 2 Original Filed April 25, 1921 june 24-, 1936. G. EGLOFF ET AL 1,767,839

PROCESS AND APPARATUS FOR TREATING OILS Original Filed April 25, 1921 3 Sheets-Sheet 3 Harry 7 Benner. M/ w Patented .iune 24, 1930 G'USTA'V EGLOFF AND HARRY P. I BENNER, OF CHICAGO, ILLINOIS, ASSIGNOBS TO UNI- VERSAL OIL PRODUCTS CO'MZPANY, OF SOUTH DAKOTA CHICAGO, ILLINOIS, A CORPORATION OF PBOCESO AND APIPARATUS FOR TREATING OILS Application filed April 23, 1921, Serial This invention relates to improvements in process and apparatus for treating oils and refers more particularly to a process in which the oil is heated to a cracking temperature and is subsequently; introduced uniformly throughout the length offan; expansion chamber wherein the 011 is permitted to vaporize, the vaporized portion being subsequently condensed.

Among the salient objects of theunvention are to provide a process in which the vaporization of the oil takes place in an enlarged chamber, the heated 011 being ntroduced thereto in regulated quantities throughout its length so that the precipitation of carbon attendant with the vaporizaion of the oil is distributed evenly in the vapor chamber rather than being localized in one section as now is usual in cracking systems; to provide a process in which the amount of oil introduced to the vapor chamber may be regulated and the cracking thereby controlledyto provide an apparatus for carrying out this process and in general to provide a process and apparatus of the character referred to.

In the drawings;

Fig. 1 is a side elevational view of the apparatus.

Fi 2 is a detail to the expansion cham er. I

Fig. 3 is a fragmentary detail of the cocentric operating the reciprocating inlet plunger-.- 3

I Fig. 4 is an end detail of the inlet apparatus. 4

v Fig. 5 is a sectional side view of a portion of the apparatus shown in Fig. 4, parts broken away.

Referringin detail to the drawings, the raw oil is introduced from any convenient source through the inletpipe 1 to the heating tubes 2 mounted in a furnace 3. The

oil,-after being heated to a cracking temperature, passes through the transfer line 4 to vapor chamber 5 where the oil-is permitted to vaporize, the vaporized portion'passing oil through the riser 6 to a dephlegmator 7 andthe unvaporized portion bein drawn off through the line 8 controlled y throttle no. teases. meta r1113 1a 1928.

valve 9. That ortion :of ,t he vapors still uncondensed in tlie dephlegmator pass ofi to a water condenser 10 through a line 11 and is subsequently collected as pressure distillate in the receiver 12 which is equipped with a liquid drawoif pipe 13 controlled by valve 14. A vapor pressure on the system may be regulated by the vapor relief pipe 15 controlled by valve 16. I

Returning to the introduction of the heated oil to the vapor chamber, it is a well known fact that where the oil is heated to a cracking temperature and is introduced to an expansion chamber for vaporization, that immediately upon its entrance into the enlarged expansion zone, the va orization causes an immediate deposition 0 colloidal carbon particles. This excessive deposition tends to localize about the oil inlet from the heating tubes and consequently it is desirable to provide some means ormethod of distributing the oil on its introduction to the vaporizing chamber in a manner that the carbon deposition will be more evenly and uniformly distributed over the entire vaporizing' chamber. For this purpose, the oil from the heating tubes is introduced from the transfer line 4 into a separate chamber 17 extendin along the top of the exansion chamber. ithin this duct or smal inlet chamber 17 is positioned a filler plate or member 18 having a slidable rod 19 fitted;

therein. At intervals through the plate 18 are drilled a series of holes which are adept ed to register with similar holes drilled through the rod 19. When the holes in the rod 19 and the plate 18 are in registration, the chamber 17 is in direct communication with the expansion chamber and when the rod is slid out of registration the holes are closed or the arrangement of the holes may be such that in one position, certain holes may be in registration while in another position, other holes are in registration so that the oil in the chamber 17 will beintroduced through the holes communicating may be pushed back and forth, causing the chamber whereby the cracking is promoted holes in the rod to register with holes in the and the deposited carbon uniformly displate 18 as desired and the oil from the tributed in the vapor zone. chamber 17 to be introduced first in one end GUSTAV EGLOFF, of the chamber and then into the other. HARRY P. BENNER. The rod 19 reciprocates in the plate 18 due to its connection with the eccentric 21 driven through pinion gears 22 and 23 from any source of power such as the motor shown at 24, rotating the shaft 25, on which the smaller pinion gear 23 is mounted. A link 27, mounted at one end on the eccentric 21, is provided at its opposite end with an are 26. The end of the rod 19 is operatively I connected to the link 27 through the are 26 so by suitable connecting means 28, to thereby provide for the reciprocation of the rod 19 to open and close the apertures 18, which communicate with the interior of the en- 2 pansion chamber.

It is understood, of course, that the apen tures 18 between the chamber 17 and the expansion chamber 5 through the plate 18, are positioned at desired intervals throughout the length of the expansion chamber and that the holes 19 in the shaft or red 19 are positioned at predetermined positions in order that any reciprocation will tend to cause the shaft to open the different so inlet holes uniformly and to a proper amount.

In this manner, the oil is permitted to flow into the expansion chamber throughout its length and upon introduction to the :5 expansion chamber, the same amount of vaporization will take place in all parts of the chamber, causing uniform deposition of the carbon particles and avoiding the localination of carbon heretofore objectionable in cracking processes. The residual oil With the colloidal carbon in suspension may be drawn off through the residuum line and this line Will be less readily dogged due to the fact that the carbon collection is more w evenly distributed over the expansion cham- 1 ber.

"We claim as our invention: 1. A process for converting hydrocarbons, consisting in raising the oilto a cracking 5U temperature in a heating zone, passing the oil to a unitary vaporizing zone and there intermittently introducing it to different parts of the vaporizing zone, whereby the carbon is uniformly distributed throughout 3 said zone, drawing ofi the residual products i and condensing and collecting the vaporized oil 2. In an apparatus for converting hydrocarbons the combination with a heating means Ior raising the oil to a cracking tem- 12o perature, of a vaporizing chamber connected thereto, a transfer line interposed between the heating and vaporizing means and means for intermittently introducing 1 65 the heated oil to different portions of the we 

